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Other building loads, such as power and lighting, may function as the energy absorbing means, provided these loads are automatically connected to the emergency or standby power system operating the elevators and large enough to absorb the regenerative power. Guarding: Where possible, install temporary guarding to protect from inadvertent contact. The sump pump/drain shall have the capacity to remove a minimum of 11.4 m. 3 /h (3,000 gal/h) per elevator. Auxilliary gutters are permitted in machine and control rooms between controllers, starters and similar apparatuses. I've never run into this before. Click to reveal 953 0 obj <> endobj NEMA 4 : All electrical equipment, located less than 1225 mm (48 in.) Finally, typical installations and compliance with all these requirements will be discussed. Supports for cables or raceways in a hoistway or in an escalator or moving-walk wellway or platform lift and stairway chairlift runway must be securely fastened to the guide rail, escalator or moving-walk truss, or to the hoistway, wellway or runway construction. Even non-composite fiber-optic cable, which does not carry electrical energy, is subject to the code. The various items to consider and check when designing for elevator installations have many potential pitfalls. He also required GFCI protection for the hard-wired sump pump that did not require it. However, this can vary depending on building conditions and exterior grade. Dan Neeser is a Senior Field Application Engineer with Eatons Bussmann Division. All Rights Reserved | Contact Us | Privacy Policy. (To design and install an elevator for a Class I, Division 1 location would be quite an undertaking.). The electrical energy does not traverse the human body, but proximity to the explosion means severe injury is possible from the intense heat and concussive shockwave. Home Articles Elevator World April 2012 Issue NEC Article 620: Elevators, Part I. . The disconnecting means is also to be a listed device. proved for elevator locations - car, hoistway, pit and a-chine roo equireents in Article odify the articles in Chap - ter For eaple, it is stated that the cross-sectional area Hoistway pit lighting and receptacles 5. These selective coordination tables for current-limiting fuses show the minimum amp ratio required between a pair of fuses of a given type(s) to achieve selective coordination. Please check your entries and try again. U.S. Latham, NY Shopping Miscellaneous Retail Stores, NEC Wheelchair lifts EazyLift Elevators, . Elevator travel is far safer than an automobile trip, and the chance of experiencing disaster is on the order of being struck by lightning in ones own backyard. The demand factors are given in Table 620.14, which allows significant reductions as the number of motors is increased. Cables used in Class 2 power-limited circuits are permitted between risers and signal equipment and operating devices, provided they are supported and protected from physical damage and are of the jacketed and flame-retardant type. As such, elevator controller manufacturers should make the effort to rethink their designs to avoid costly system design changes. Working spaces for electrical equipment that may have to be examined, adjusted, serviced or maintained is required in all occupancies in an earlier NEC section, 110.26(A). Part VII, Overcurrent Protection, divides this topic into four categories for elevators and similar equipment, depending upon the nature of the specific equipment: For operating devices and control and signaling circuits, protection against overcurrent is in accordance with the requirements of Sections 725.43 and 725.45. Loss of voltage to the control circuit for the disconnecting means shall cause a supervisory signal to be indicated at the control unit and required remote annunciation. Therefore, elevator equipment rooms must maintain a temperature between 50F and 90F. And so the needs can be very different. The reason the NEC CMP 12 added these requirements, as shown in the panel statements, directly relates to the concern that elevator controllers can be installed in locations where the available fault current can be high and the inspector may not be able to clearly determine the SCCR of the elevator controller unless it is marked on the equipment. ASME A17.1, Section 2.2.5, National Electrical Code, Rule 620-85 4. This is especially true in an elevator shaft where measures have to be taken to ensure that a hazardous situation is not created. Additional requirements concern escape routes. charlie b. If you provide your elevators with emergency power, you must run communications wires between the automatic transfer switch (ATS) and the elevator control panel. Flexible cords and cables that are components of listed equipment and used in circuits operating at 30 V (42 VDC) or less are permitted in lengths not to exceed 6 ft., provided the cords and cables are supported and protected from physical damage and are of a jacketed and flame-retardant type. Examples of PPE that may be appropriate are non-conductive eye protection, clean leather or fire-resistant gloves, and natural-fiber or fire-resistant-rated long-sleeved shirts and pants, or fire-resistant-rated long-sleeved coveralls. 2.2.6.1 This switch shall be so located as to be acces-sible from the pit access door. For platform lifts and stairway chairlifts, the duty is intermittent. For some manufacturers, such as Eaton, testing has been completed to determine the selective coordination ability of current-limiting BussmannTM series fuses with upstream Eaton circuit breakers. For example, it is stated that the cross-sectional area of the individual conductors in a wireway are not to exceed 50% of the interior cross-sectional area of the wireway. You are a subscriber that needs to Sign In. Selective coordination is defined by the NEC as: Localization of an overcurrent condition to restrict outages to the circuit or equipment affected, accomplished by the selection and installation of overcurrent protective devices and their ratings or settings for the full range of available overcurrents, from overload to the maximum available fault current, and for the full range of overcurrent protective device opening times associated with those overcurrents.. Notice the definition mentions the full range of operating times. He has focused on writing since 2006, having written for such magazines as ELEVATOR WORLD, Electrical Construction and Maintenance, Cabling Business, Electrical Business, Nuts and Volts, PV Magazine, Electrical Connection, Solar Connection, Solar Industry Magazine, Fine Homebuilding Magazine and Engineering News. It is worth noting that these NEC terms, used throughout Article 620, have been chosen to correlate with A17.1-2007 usage. Flexible cords and cables, or conductors grouped together and taped or corded, are permitted to be installed without a raceway. Beginning with Article 320, Armored Cable (Type AC) and concluding with Article 398, Open Wiring on Insulators, each code-sanctioned cable and raceway is treated, ranging from the familiar Type NM (trade name Romex) to the exotic Integrated Gas Spacer Cable (Type IGS). Fireman telephone jacks and telephone cabling are typically sufficient for each of these locations. Next, with multiple elevator banks, the controller will usually allow only one elevator at a time to operate, reducing the amount of emergency power required. You can email the site owner to let them know you were blocked. NEC 70620.85 Smoke detectors to recall elevators on Phase I recall are required to be located on each landing, Moreover, it is necessary to consider future worker safety for an indefinite period. With the new elevator controller requirements, more attention will be focused on the elevator system. For elevators that regenerate power back into a power source unable to absorb the regenerative power under overhauling elevator load conditions, a means to absorb this power is to be provided. Part II of Article 620 concerns conductors used in elevator work, and several important requirements are covered. Section 620.85, GFCI Protection for Personnel, provides that 125-V, single-phase, 15- and 20-amp receptacles installed in pits, hoistways, machinery spaces, machine rooms, escalators and moving walks, and on elevator car tops are to be GFCIs. Use the below learning-reinforcement questions to study for the Continuing Education Assessment Exam available online at www.elevatorbooks.com or on page 111 of this issue. Name the principal code other than NEC that pertains to elevator design/installation. What is the definition of the machine room? Why are voltage limitations important? In which areas must live parts be enclosed? Why are feeder demand factors permitted for multiple elevators? They are permitted to be run without raceway when used inside the hoistway, on the elevator car, hoistway wall, counterweight, or controllers and machinery located inside the hoistway, provided they are in their original sheaths. These are the individual branch circuits required for car lighting, receptacles, auxiliary lighting and ventilation on each elevator car; individual branch circuits for machine-room and similar location lighting and receptacle; and branch circuits for hoistway pit lighting and receptacle(s). The pump sends hydraulic fluid from the reservoir to the cylinder, buried deep below the elevator shaft. To address this issue, Code Making Panel (CMP) 12 of the National Electrical Code acted on several proposed changes to Article 620 during the revision cycle for the 2017 NEC that deal with the proper installation of elevator controllers. If the smoke detector at the designated landing goes into alarm, the elevator will stop at a predetermined alternate floor, which is usually the floor above the designated floor. First, it is now clear that elevator controllers must be marked by the manufacturer with their SCCR. In order to comply, the electrical system designer must determine the maximum available fault current at the elevator disconnecting means and assure the elevator disconnecting means overcurrent protective device will clear any overcurrent condition, up to the maximum available fault current, before any upstream overcurrent devices will operate. Furthermore, at least one 125-V, single-phase, 15- or 20-amp duplex receptacle is to be provided in each machine room or similar location. With the elevator car at the bottom landing, it is the length of cable as measured from the point of suspension in the hoistway to the bottom of the loop. These requirements, found in Article 620 (part of Chapter 6, Special Equipment), are in addition to NEC Chapters 1-3, which stipulate general wiring protocols applicable in most residential, commercial and industrial venues. from components that are not otherwise guarded. Other codes and standards interact with the NEC, and it is necessary to see how they all work together in order to create safe and compliant elevator designs/installations. Part X, Emergency and Standby Power Systems, is simple and straightforward. The elevator rails, like the ground system of the entire building electrical structure, are to be bonded to the lightning-system ground electrode so these all remain at the same potential even during a lightning event, ensuring side flash does not occur. 68 | WWW.ELEVATORWORLD.COM | June 2012 Continuing Education . Something went wrong. Other requirements: Spa's and Hot Tubs 1996 NEC 15-20 Amp 120 volt Receptacle Requirements for Dwelling units: All outdoor We resume with a look at wiring methods, overcurrent protection, grounding and other NEC provisions as they relate to these installations. GFI Receptacles: GFI receptacles shall be required in all elevator machine rooms, machinery spaces and elevator pit areas. Dec. 21, 2010. Weight (passengers, freight, car and attendant machinery) may be fairly substantial, and speed is significant. Where a feeder powers more than one elevator, you need selective coordination; the OCPDs must be series-designed so a fault at one of the elevators will be cleared by only the OCPD serving it. (All intentionally grounded elements must be held at equal potential.) It is further stated that the disconnecting means are not to disconnect the branch circuits required in sections 620.22, 620.23 and 620.24. This is the area within the hoistway beneath the car, and there are occasions when elevator technicians have to work in this area for maintenance and troubleshooting. 2023 Endeavor Business Media, LLC. Pits shall be maintained in a clean and dry condition. Elevator power disconnect (with utility feed marking) located in the machine room or other permitted location. The many codes and guidelines that regulate the electrical design of an elevator can seem overwhelming, and dealing with the electrical inspector, elevator inspector, and Fire Marshal can be even more intimidating. The condition is that all conductors must be insulated for the maximum voltage applied to any conductor within the cables or raceway system, and all live parts of the equipment must be insulated from ground for this maximum voltage. If the disconnecting means is an integral part of the motor controller, it is to be operable without requiring opening of the enclosure. Main feeders that supply elevator power must be kept outside the hoistway unless one of the following applies: Feeders for elevators are permitted within an existing hoistway (provided they are not spliced within the hoistway) by special permission of the AHJ. The thinking behind this requirement is that the injured worker could have severe hand burns and be unable to operate a conventional doorknob. Utility-owned electrical structures not directly concerned with electrical generation, transmission and distribution are NEC regulated. It is mandatory, as in the car, that these items have a separate, dedicated branch circuit, and the required lighting is not to be supplied through a GFCI. Machine room-less elevator installations incorporate the elevator controller and often the primary disconnecting means in a convenient package that is located within the elevator shaft. With heavy use on a hot day, the oil can overheat, causing elevator shutdown. Elevator motors are inherently intermittent duty. NEC specifies Hoistway wiring, and doesn't seem to distinguish between hoistway and pit. The AHJ is saying that this is a violation of 620.23. Three wiring categories within hoistways are allowed in addition, each with exceptions. See Section 3 of the. NEC Guidelines on Commercial Garages. A clean and dry elevator pit and machine/control room provided (ASME A17.1 Rule 2.1.2) Machine/control room meets manufacturer's requirement of preserving ambient temperature control and humidity (ASME A17.1 Rule 2.7.9) Elevator floor covering installed with appropriate smoke and flame spread (ASME A17.1 Rule 2.14.2) Otherwise, specify that the elevator supplier provide a battery back-up unit to power the lights in the event of an outage. The cord is to be a hard-usage, oil-resistant type not over 6 ft. in length. Hazards created by water, snow or condensation in the work area can cause slips, falls and accidental contact. 3. Something went wrong. Where voltages exceed 600, a sign reading DANGER HIGH VOLTAGE is required. Flexible metal, liquid-tight flexible metal or liquid-tight flexible nonmetallic conduit 3/8 in. All equipment in a machine room-less design is installed within the elevator shaft or exterior compartment near the elevator shaft, including the elevator controller and the elevator disconnecting means. The code exempts some fairly broad areas where compliance is not expected. Electricity is often one of the initial services to fail during a storm. Elevator cab lights require emergency back-up power. This lighting and receptacle circuit is separate from the circuit serving the motor. Also located in this room might be, but not limited to: exhaust fan, cooling unit (depending on local requirements and/or requirements set forth by the individual elevator supplier), lighting, voice and/or data drop serving the elevator cab emergency phone, elevator controller primary fused disconnect, elevator feeder shunt-trip circuit (i.e., shunt-trip circuit breaker), elevator cab lighting fused switch, and convenience receptacle(s). It employs specialists in Mobile, Alabama, and has technical and news correspondents around the world. It is important for the design engineer to coordinate with the architect to determine the elevator manufacturer basis of design to determine if and when additional power and lighting is required. Flexible cords and cables part of listed equipment operating at 30 V (42 VDC) or less, similarly supported and protected, jacketed and flame retardant, are permitted. This room is to be secured against unauthorized access (kept locked). Traction elevators are typically faster and more energy efficient than hydraulic elevators, and are often used for high-rise buildings. Receptacle for pumps located in the pit shall be a single non-GFCI and shall be located 6 inches above the lowest landing. The next section, 620.36, concerns different systems in one raceway or traveling cable. Have wiring identified for use in wet locations in accordance with the requirements in NFPA 70. Marking the elevator controller short-circuit current rating (SCCR) by the elevator controller manufacturer. If a hydraulic elevator loses power because a heat detector goes off or for any other reason it could trap occupants for an unpleasant amount of time. GFCIs in elevator pits During an inspection of the elevators in a commercial building, the state inspector failed us for using a GFCI-type circuit breaker to protect a receptacle in the elevator pit. The fan should be on a dedicated circuit. Of particular importance is the location of the disconnecting means so it can be found by an individual who may not be familiar with the installation. And as the designer, you can become the fulcrum on which all of these requirements and authorities exert their leverage, but an understanding of elevator basics can help you handle the pressure. The light switch in the pit must be mounted 42 in. (A) Separate Branch Circuit. Suspending the cables from the supports by a means that automatically tightens around the cable when tension is increased for unsupported lengths up to 200 ft. An NEC Informational Note defines unsupported lengths. First, the ATS signals the elevators that it's about to switch over to emergency power preferably 30 sec or more prior to switching, which allows the elevator controller to bring each elevator cab to the nearest landing and stop, thus protecting the motors and electrical system. If elevators are supplied by the emergency, legally required standby or critical operation power systems, then selective coordination is required per the 2017 NEC in 700.32, 701.27 or 708.54. This is somewhat broader than A17.1-2007/B44-07. Use Underwriters Laboratories or Canadian Standards Association-labeled scopes tested for 1,000 V. Lockout/tagout: When troubleshooting is complete and further work can be accomplished without the equipment being energized, follow the lockout/tagout procedures in Section 7 of the. A section on branch circuits for car lighting, receptacles, ventilation, heating and air-conditioning contains a number of important provisions. The circuit(s) for the lighting and receptacles must be dedicated to the elevator area only. Additionally, duty on elevator and dumbwaiter motors is rated as intermittent, whereas duty on escalator and moving-walk motors is considered continuous. Each fused switch or circuit breaker in the panelboard is used as an elevator disconnect. Choose topics from a full list of courses covering electrical topics that cover what you need to know from the NEC and other electrical codes and standards. When you consider that an elevator is an enclosed room with one or more doors that people voluntarily enter so they may travel hundreds of feet up or down, several observations are in order. Traveling cables are to be supported by one of these means: Looping the cables around supports for unsupported lengths less than 100 ft. IAEI News Magazine. The traveling cable, of necessity, is exempted. !>x=yy Bvv8?~e PK ! The panel further clarified that the marked SCCR value must be adequate for the available fault current to ensure a safe installation. NEC has a further note that the term wheelchair lift has been changed to platform lift.. Many of these are for portable lighting.). These conductors may be covered with suitable shielding for telephone, audio, video or higher-frequency communications circuits. Luminaires must be lensed or equipped with wire guards to protect the lamps. In these installations, it is best to design the elevator controller so the elevator controller SCCR is adequate for the available fault current. Metal grating shall be installed over the hole that sits flush with the pit floor. A second door is required if the equipment is rated over 1200 amps and over 6 ft. wide. These 29 CFR 1910.146 (c) (8) requirements are: In an elevator machine room, where space may be limited in the first place, the working-space mandate must be factored in very early in the design process lest an unthinkable amount of rework be necessary. The code notes that elevator rails or other hoistway equipment are not to be used as the grounding conductor for lightning-protection systems. Many professionals believe the NEC is applicable only for voltages over a certain level, but that is not the case. endstream endobj 954 0 obj <. Through numerous editions, the NEC has, to a great extent, mitigated the hazards accompanying widespread use of electricity, particularly with respect to elevator technology. Be sure to provide a horn/strobe alarm in large equipment rooms because they can be noisy, isolated places. Besides the initial determination requirement of paragraph (c) (1), the "host" employer must comply with the five (5) requirements of paragraph (c) (8) when engaging another employer (contractor) who will have employees in permit spaces under the control of the host employer. This position paper is written to provide guidance to members whose employees are engaged in elevator-industry work that might expose them to arc-flash hazards, and to assist members in complying with applicable OSHA and National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) standards. With these new NEC requirements, there is now the potential that an elevator controller SCCR may be required thats higher than what elevator manufacturers have historically furnished. All rights reserved. Many undertake trips in these devices two or more times daily in full confidence that they will survive an uneventful experience with a minute chance of disaster or even inconvenience. These are the principle NEC 2011 Article 620 mandates. To safeguard the passengers and electrical equipment, ASME A17.12.8.2.3.2 requires the power source to the elevator control panel to shut down prior to the discharge of water from a sprinkler head. from the exposed components, and the incident energy calculated at 18 in. Pit light with guard (ten foot candles min. David Herres holds a New Hampshire Master Electricians license and has worked as an electrician in the northern part of that state for many years. Sign up for our free e-newsletter. Traction elevators are typically installed in a bank of elevators where fused switches, or circuit breakers in a panelboard are located in the machine room serving the bank of elevators. NEC Article 620 covers elevators, dumbwaiters, escalators, moving walks, platform lifts and stairway chairlifts. Finally, in 1897, the first National Electrical Code (NEC) appeared. Notwithstanding, if sprinklers are installed in hoistways, machine rooms or the like, the disconnecting means is permitted to automatically open the power supply to the affected elevator(s) prior to the application of water. Similarly, motor branch-circuit short circuit and ground-fault protection must be as required in Article 430, Part IV, for all motors. It is also essential that machine-room lighting be totally reliable and separate from the machinery supply to facilitate troubleshooting in the event of elevator problems. The two documents are in harmony and should be used in conjunction. The elevator equipment room that serves a hydraulic elevator is almost always located on the lowest floor adjacent to the elevator shaft. They are to be located so as to be protected from physical damage, are to be of a flame-retardant type, and must be part of listed equipment, a driving machine or a driving-machine brake. Freight Elevator Door Control: An Opportunity for Wireless Technology. The electrical conductors and equipment for non-mine elevators that extend below grade are under NEC jurisdiction. For example, wiring that is under exclusive utility control and has to do with the generation and distribution of electrical power is not NEC regulated. If we fast forward more than 36 centuries, we see some important new developments in elevator technology. or larger is permitted to be installed in lengths in excess of 6 ft. Where motor-generators, machine motors or pumping-unit motors and valves are located adjacent to or underneath control equipment and provided with extra-length terminal leads not exceeding 6 ft. in length, such leads are permitted to be extended to connect directly to controller terminal studs without regard to carrying-capacity requirements. If a smoke detector goes into alarm, it signals the elevator to go into Fire Recall Function, at which point the controller directs the elevator cab to travel to its pre-programmed designated landing, open its doors, and remain stopped there until the alarm clears. As for height, the working space must extend from the grade, floor or platform to 6-1/2 ft. or the height of the equipment, whichever is greater. From the website: Mohawk Lifts offers car lifts and auto lifts for purchase, including 2 post lifts, 4 post lifts, storage lifts, heavy duty mobile column lifts, parallelogram lifts, and other specialty items. This may be countered by providing good machine-room ventilation. Performance & security by Cloudflare. In fact, an entire elevator system for a project is most often designed and specified by the architect who has little understanding of the electrical distribution system. A traditional elevator installation (which includes a machine room) requires access inside the elevator shaft. Traditional wiring methods and materials come into play, as always, but it is necessary to rethink their deployment. Regardless of the number of elevators, only one smoke detector is required at each floor lobby, but it must be located within 21 ft of every elevator door. -inch conduit is needed to the sump pump. For instance, one method to reduce the available fault current is to add an isolation transformer ahead of the elevator controller. The disconnecting means is to be located adjacent to or an integral part of the motor controller. Each of these performs a different function, and the wiring mandates vary accordingly. It is further specified the machine-room lighting switch be located at the point of entry. The two primary hazards are fire and electric shock or arc flash, although there are others.

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